中国国家能源局发布支持电力领域新型经营主体创新发展的指导意见

根据该指导意见，新型经营主体是具备电力、电量调节能力且具有新技术特征、新运营模式的配电环节各类资源，分为单一技术类新型经营主体和资源聚合类新型经营主体。其中，单一技术类新型经营主体主要包括分布式光伏、分散式风电、储能等分布式电源和可调节负荷；资源聚合类新型经营主体主要包括虚拟电厂（负荷聚合商）和智能微电网。虚拟电厂是运用数字化、智能化等先进技术，聚合分布式电源和可调节负荷等，协同参与系统运行和市场交易的电力运行组织模式。智能微电网是以新能源为主要电源、具备一定智能调节和自平衡能力、可独立运行也可与大电网联网运行的小型发配用电系统。配电环节具备相应特征的“源网荷储”一体化的项目可视作智能微电网。

According to these guidelines, new business entities are various resources in the distribution link that possess the ability to regulate electricity and quantity and are characterized by new technologies and new operational models. They are divided into single-technology new business entities and resource aggregation new business entities. The single-technology new business entities mainly include distributed photovoltaics, dispersed wind power, energy storage, and other distributed power sources and adjustable loads; resource aggregation new business entities mainly include virtual power plants (load aggregators) and smart microgrids. A virtual power plant is an electricity operation and organization model that utilizes advanced digital and intelligent technologies to aggregate distributed power sources and adjustable loads and participates in system operations and market transactions collaboratively. A smart microgrid is a small-scale generation, distribution, and electricity consumption system that primarily uses new energy as its power source, has certain intelligent regulation and self-balancing capabilities, and can operate independently or be connected to the main grid. Projects in the distribution link that have corresponding characteristics of "power generation - transmission grid - electricity demand - energy storage device" should be regarded as smart microgrids.

该意见鼓励虚拟电厂聚合分布式光伏、分散式风电、新型储能、可调节负荷等资源，为电力系统提供灵活调节能力，鼓励调节容量5兆瓦及以上、满足相应技术指标要求的新型经营主体提供电能量和辅助服务，支持具备条件的工业企业、工业园区等开展智能微电网建设以便提高新能源就地消纳水平。值得注意的是，根据该意见，中国将探索建立通过新能源直连增加企业绿电供给的机制，并将加快电力现货市场建设，推动新型经营主体以报量报价或报量不报价等灵活方式参与电力现货市场，探索电力现货市场出清节点向更低电压等级延伸，为新型经营主体响应市场需求提供更加准确的价格信号。根据该意见，中国还将进一步完善辅助服务市场，推动新型经营主体公平参与辅助服务市场，研究适时引入备用、爬坡等辅助服务新品种。

The opinion encourages virtual power plants to aggregate resources such as distributed photovoltaics, dispersed wind power, new energy storage, and adjustable loads to provide flexible regulation capabilities for the power system. It also encourages new business entities with a regulation capacity of 5 megawatts or more and that meet the corresponding technical requirements to provide electrical energy and ancillary services. It supports industrial enterprises and industrial parks that meet the conditions to carry out smart microgrid construction to improve the level of local consumption of new energy. Notably, according to the opinion, China will explore mechanisms to increase the green electricity supply to enterprises through direct connection with new energy and will accelerate the construction of the electricity spot market. This will enable new business entities to participate in the electricity spot market in flexible ways such as reporting quantity and price or reporting quantity without price, and explore extending the clearing nodes of the electricity spot market to lower voltage levels to provide more accurate price signals for new business entities to respond to market demands. In addition, China will further improve the ancillary services market, promote fair participation of new business entities in the ancillary services market, and study the timely introduction of new varieties of ancillary services such as reserves and ramping.

在计量结算方面，根据该意见，新型经营主体将按照参与电能量和辅助服务交易类型，依据电能量计量装置进行结算，由电力交易机构出具新型主体结算依据。资源聚合类新型经营主体在批发市场中结算数据由被聚合资源计量数据加总形成。资源聚合类新型经营主体暂由电网企业清分结算到户。

In terms of measurement and settlement, according to the opinion, new business entities will be settled based on the type of electricity energy and ancillary services transactions they participate in, based on the measurement of electricity energy meters, with the electricity trading institution providing the settlement basis for new entities. The settlement data for resource aggregation new business entities in the wholesale market is formed by the aggregation of the measurement data of the aggregated resources. The settlement of resource aggregation new business entities is temporarily handled by the power grid companies to the household.

该意见为分布式电源、直供电、虚拟电厂和离网微网等经营模式释放了积极信号。

The opinion sends a positive signal for business models such as distributed power sources, direct power supply, virtual power plants, and off-grid microgrids.